Tuesday, June 14, 2016

More Flowers than Bullets: Looking for the Art of Tijuana





Seagulls on the border fence (fron Tijuana side)
I went to San Diego with Tijuana on my mind. The most important thing was to see my family and celebrate Thanksgiving with them in San Diego, of course. But I wanted, if just for a day, to cross over to the westernmost city in Mexico—and in all of Latin America—and report back on what I found there.
I had some guidance from a friend in Indianapolis, Daniel Del Real, a visual artist and director of Nopal Cultural, a cultural arts organization dedicated to promoting Latino-American arts and culture in Indianapolis and surrounding cities. I met him at El Maguey Restaurant on 38th Street on Indy’s west side, a few days before my departure for San Diego, in order to conjure up an itinerary. Over beer and Mexican food, Del Real let me know that he had been born in Tijuana and spent the first year and a half of his life there.

“My dad would play accordion around the bars,” he told me.
Del Real moved to Southern California when he was a toddler. He arrived in Indianapolis when he was 13 years old. He’s 32 now.
He has yet to be back, however. He keeps in touch with that city, and by extension all of Mexico, through his appreciation of musicians based in Tijuana, including Maria y Jose and Julieta Venegas.
“I know the one thing to do as a tourist is to get on the donkeys and get a photo taken,” he told me.
I told him this suggestion wouldn’t make the tip top of my to-do list. I also told him that I had been to TJ once before 15 years previously with my father. We’d gone to the Museo de las Americas, a museum that—in my humble opinion at least—puts the San Diego Natural History Museum to shame. The Tijuana Wax Museum, which we also visited, wasn’t quite so impressive (although the Michael Jackson figure was pretty convincing). I was, however, looking for a more current measure of its cultural scene.
“I know that if you go to the beach, right by the border, Las Playas de Tijuana, you’ll find something,” Del Real said. “This artist painted the border to make it look like it’s not there. So on a really nice day it actually blends in with the background and it looks like a gateway to get through the border.”
Del Real also told me that he wouldn’t cross the border alone. Accordingly, I made a few inquiries.
A week later, my sister drove me down to the border along with two of her fifty-something friends; Bill Anderson and her significant other. I’ll just call the latter dude The Greg. Ali dropped us off at the San Ysidro border crossing—the world’s busiest land crossing—and then circled back to my parents’ house in La Jolla, where she would spend the day with my daughter, Naomi.
Bill, Greg, and I would be crossing as pedestrians.
I should say a little about The Greg. He, like Anderson, was from Ali’s hometown of Laramie, Wyoming. (We were all in town to celebrate Thanksgiving with my parents.) The Greg was a U.S. government consultant with a pretty liberal mindset, aside from his hardcore 2nd amendment beliefs.
I had a taste of these beliefs on the drive down to the border from San Diego as we passed a highway sign reading “GUNS ILLEGAL IN MEXICO.” 
This sign seemed to irk Greg so quite naturally I brought up a certain news story. It was a widely disseminated story, especially on right wing talk radio, about a marine who claimed that he had made a wrong turn when he rolled into Mexico carrying guns in his truck. Not coincidentally, he then found himself in a Mexican prison.
“So,” said Greg, “What’s your point?”
I was tempted to say something about Mexicans having the right to their own laws as they have their own problems with gun violence, but I recalled that my sister had warned me to stay away from engaging Greg on this subject. And since Ali was at the wheel driving, I didn’t want to distract her. I also didn’t want her accidentally making a wrong turn.  And it was a very easy thing to do at this juncture of I-5, to make a wrong turn and wind up in the one-way-only flow of cars into Mexico.  
Bill, thank God, was more easygoing than Greg. He made a living in Laramie specializing in house-sitting and taking care of people’s pets. I thought he might appreciate the art scene in TJ: I thought that he might appreciate it through the lens of having lived in New York City during the early 80s. He seemed as excited as I was about this trip; Ali had somehow persuaded him that I was some kind of famous journalist (instead of the part-time freelancer that I am).
Bill, the Greg, and me
Bill, Greg, and I followed the pedestrian walkway into Mexico. Once across, we took a taxi straight to Las Playas de Tijuana (the moniker for the westernmost district of Tijuana as well as the beach itself)



We stepped out of the taxi within sight of the border fence. It consisted of a long line of 21-foot-high steel rails standing inches apart from one-another, and which penetrated 300 feet into the Pacific.

It was a warm, mild day. Cloudless sky.
Looking eastward, we could see the fence stretching eastward into the hills as far as the eye could see. 
The most striking thing, though, was the part of the fence that Daniel Del Real had told me about. 
Indeed, a 12-foot-wide section of the fence, right on the beach, was painted blue, sky blue. I knew, through online research, that this was the work of artist Ana Teresa Fernández. And as the sky that day was itself a perfect shade of blue, it was just possible to imagine that that part of the fence had evaporated and that you could simply walk across from Tijuana into San Diego.


Fernández, who first painted the fence in 2011 and has been back four times to repaint, was born in Tampico, Mexico and currently teaches in the California College of the Arts in San Francisco. She combines performance into her work as a visual artist, and she documents these performances through photography, video, and painting.
One of her paintings, available for view on her website, is a self-portrait. In this painting, entitled “Erasing the Border,” you see her painting the fence in a black cocktail dress and pumps, using a ladder. She was, in fact, wearing this outfit while painting the fence, and her painting was just one way in which she documented her “performance,” as she calls it.

A little farther from the beach, we could see even more embellishments to the fence. 

 There was a section painted with the names of Mexican veterans of the American armed forces who had been deported from the U.S and then there was the upside down American flag with crosses instead of stars representing those who had died crossing into the United States.

If you don’t don’t come from an immigrant background yourself (or, should I say, a recent immigration background), it may be easy to see border issues as primarily issues of national security. But when viewing the border fence from the Tijuana side of the border–and trying to get a sense of the Mexican perspective on it - you must, just for starters, take into account the consequences of a fortified border.

As urban crossings have become more difficult over the last two decades, more and more crossings have taken place in remote desert areas. In such places, the border fence isn’t well-fortified or doesn’t exist. So it’s easy enough to make the initial crossing. But it’s not so easy to survive the trek through the deserts on the American side where hundreds of Mexican nationals die each year of dehydration and heatstroke.
The Unites States isn’t an innocent bystander in all this. Around the time when the urban border areas started being fortified in earnest—the mid-nineties— the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) went into effect between the U.S. and Mexico. NAFTA devastated small farming in Mexico and thus increased the economic incentive to immigrate to the U.S.
I confess, however, that immigration issues were not so much on my mind on the Tijuana beach.  Instead I was struck by the beauty of the place. 
“Look at the gulls, gotta get a picture of the gulls,” Greg said, pointing out that the seagulls sitting on the fence rails, stretching out to sea. And these seagulls, of course, didn’t need any visas or passports or green cards to cross.
So I took pictures of the gulls.
Bill, on the other hand, was interested in taking pictures of me. 
“You popped right down here and ran down the embankment,” Bill said. “And it was a great picture, what you were heading out to do, instead of walking down because you were so excited. But I’d like to get that picture.”
That is, he wanted to have the opportunity to take that picture of me coming down to the beach with his iPhone. I obliged him, staging a do-over of my entry onto the Tijuana beach. Maybe I was afraid that if my coming to Tijuana wasn’t captured digitally, there might be some question about whether or not it happened at all. 
I thought, then, about Ana Teresa Fernández in the context of this question. The world wouldn’t have noticed her magic trick with the border fence if she hadn’t obsessively documented it in video, painting and photographs. Indeed, news organizations in the U.S., in Mexico, and in Europe, have run stories on her work as an artist.     
A young man ran past me on the sand, running towards the border fence.  An older man was timing him with a stopwatch. Once the young, stocky man reached the border fence, he sprinted again and then stopped beside the older man. He stood, then, kneeling with his hands on his knees.
I went up to them and asked who they were and what they were doing.  By asking in English, I managed to ascertain that the guy doing sprints was the goalkeeper for the Baja California fútbol (soccer) team; the other was his coach. I wasn’t able, however, to have an actual conversation. 
My goal on this trip was to know enough Spanish to get around before crossing the border.  But there hadn’t been enough time.
My parents moved out to San Diego 15 years ago. At that time I had been accepted into the M.F.A program in Writing at San Diego State University. I could have, if I so desired, chosen to go to SDSU and lived with my parents for a while, saving on room and board.  Instead, I chose to pursue a Master’s Degree in nonprofit management at IUPUI (I also got married and had a child). Though I know I made the right choice, I suppose my obsession with Tijuana and learning Spanish has to do with what Robert Frost talks about in his poem, “The Road Not Taken.” Because I know if I had moved out to San Diego, I would have probably spent a lot of time exploring the border.
And I would’ve probably written about it as well.
Yet in my day job in a management team in an Indianapolis Goodwill retail store, I encounter people on a daily basis whose Spanish is better than their English. So I’d like to be able to be able to communicate clearly to my customers. 
Better communication probably wasn’t what Sarah Palin had in mind, when she contended recently on national television that we should all “speak American” in the United States. But just consider the fact that the Spanish were in the U.S. before the Pilgrims. Consider also the fact that much of the Western United States was forcefully acquired from Mexico. How can anybody say that Spanish is less an American language than English?
As Greg, Bill and I walked up along the fence from the beach we passed an international children’s garden that stretched across the border into the United States. The garden was part of Friendship Park (on the Tijuana side known as El Parque de la Amistad) a binational park where residents of both countries can come to talk to one another. And families can reunite for a few hours, through the grill of a wire fence, to talk to loved ones.
On Sundays there is even a “Border Church” an ecumenical service that takes place simultaneously on both sides of the border. (The pastors on each side of the border translate each other’s sentences for their assembled crowds.) Unfortunately the park is only open on the U.S side from Saturdays and Sundays from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m., the only times that U.S. residents are allowed to approach the border fence.  
There were some rocks painted with the phrase: “Paz y amore en los corazones de todo el mundo.” (Peace and love in the hearts of all)
We passed boundary monument # 258, 14 feet high and made of Italian marble, placed at the spot in 1849, in the wake of the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican-American War (and put more than 500,000 square miles of Mexican territory in U.S. hands).
In another section the fence had been painted - again by Ana Teresa Fernández - with the word “EMPATHY.” In another it had been painted with the phrase “SOMOS AMERICA,” as if to raise the make the point that the border is much more a political one than a cultural one.
It was hard to look at the border fence without taking into account Donald Trump’s openly racist call to extend it the entire length of the border and deport 11 million undocumented. But The Greg kind of made it impossible not to think of these things by pulling his hair forward over his eyes and posing as Donald Trump so Bill and I could photograph him.

It was time to move on. 
In our walk up from the beach, we encountered an engaging mural by Búho Villamil, a Tijuana-based artist. His mural featured a man riding a snail with photorealistic (or perhaps I should say photosurrealistic) detail. This being the Internet age, he encouraged visitors to contact him not by snail mail, but on Facebook. (I would discover later that Villamil was, like Ana Teresa Fernández, a performance artist as well as a painter.)


mural by Búho Villamil
It was approaching noon and we were all hungry. So we stopped into a restaurant about half a block up the street from the shore, a restaurant called El Fara. The most notable thing about the restaurant on first approach was its insanely steep ramp for wheelchair access.

Both Bill and Greg ordered the seafood cerviche salad and beers while I ordered the scrambled eggs and shrimp. The plates came out quickly: the portions were huge and everything was fresh. Comparable plates would have been difficult to find on the U.S. border—and impossible to match pricewise—at around four dollars a plate.  


Building in Las Playas de Tijuana
Greg was absorbed in the soccer game on TV. Barcelona was smearing Rome, six to one.  My mind wandered as it often does while watching sports on TV.  I thought about recent reports of corruption in FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football).  Then I thought about how Colts owner Jim Irsay leaned on the city of Indianapolis in order to fund the construction of Lucas Oil Stadium - at a cost of 720 million with 86 percent of this cost borne by the public, according to USA Today.

(Several days after our TJ trip, the Nov. 26 edition of The San Diego Reader would come out with a cover story highlighting what they characterize as Jim Irsay’s hard-partying, pill -popping, extortionate reign in Indy as part of a series on NFL owners.)
I had one particular destination in mind. We flagged down a taxi to take us to a gallery that I had read about in the Los Angeles Times: La Caja Gallery. This was a gallery, according to the Oct. 30 article by Carolina A. Miranda, at the heart of an art renaissance taking place in the heart of Tijuana.

I had written down the address or what passed for an address off the Avenida Revolución, the most famous avenue in all of the city – a big draw for American tourists with its plentiful bars, shops, nightclubs, and brothels. How hard could the gallery be to find? Even with the help of his smartphone, however, our taxi driver was unable to locate it. So he just gave up and dropped us off in front of a casino that the Greg was drawn to like a moth to a flame.
Just as we were considering a foray into the casino, a military jeep passed. Standing on the back was a soldier wearing a ski mask, clutching a gun turret, a reminder that the drug wars were far from over in Mexico.

I was beginning to wonder if I was ever going to get to see this gallery. Was it a mistake to bring these dudes along on my quixotic quest to see as much of TJ in one day as possible? Was I just tilting at windmills? Fortunately there was a tourist information booth right on the avenue and the twentysomething guide was very helpful. He brought out a map inside a tourist brochure in the shape of a passport, “pasaporte a los mejores lugares de Tijuana, B.C.”

So we took another taxi. We spent the next half hour or so crisscrossing over defunct railroad tracks and through the various warehouse districts of Tijuana. By this time I could tell that Greg and Bill were getting tired of all this. Our taxi driver though, was incredibly patient, and he stopped at a hardware store to ask directions.
We drove a little more. Then we came upon, of all things, a frame shop. I figured this was a good place to ask directions. Indeed the clerk knew the whereabouts of the gallery. Shortly thereafter our taxi pulled up in front of a warehouse-size building covered with swirling, surrealistic murals.   

We got out of the taxi. I knocked on the door. Nothing. Nada. Then I rang the doorbell. Still nada. Was this trip through the industrial areas of TJ all for naught? This residential/industrial area probably wasn’t the best part of TJ to wait around for someone to come and by chance open the door.
Just as I was about to beat myself up for not making an appointment – after all, La Caja Gallery had a web address with contact information – a young woman walked up. She was the accountant.

The woman cheerfully let us into the building. The door opened into a room that served as both a gallery and a classroom with chairs and desks and paintings on the walls.  The accountant’s broken English—much better than my Spanish—didn’t make for easy conversation.
I noticed a curious painting on the first floor. It featured a mixed media painting of Alice—the Wonderland Alice—against a backdrop that was all hard edge abstraction à la Frank Stella with its bold colors and geometric patterns.  Entitled simply “Alicia,” it seemed equally geometric in the sense that it was a line drawing with more in common with cartoon draftsmanship than classical portraiture. Curiouser and curiouser, I thought.

The young accountant took us through the looking glass, as it were, and showed us into a gallery where there was a show featuring textural paintings that one could touch. The show was entitled “Paisaje Interno,” and was designed especially for the blind so they too could appreciate art. There was also a fog machine with a sound system was also a fog machine and a sound system. She took upstairs and showed us around the two distinctly different exhibitions on view there.                          

After about ten minutes, Arturo Rodriguez, the thirtysomething founder and director of La Caja Galley arrived.  I asked him if I could talk to him about his gallery and he obliged.

In fact, talking about his gallery to American reporters is something he’s been doing quite a lot recently. We sat down, both on plush couches facing one another; on the table between us was the Los Angeles Times edition featuring La Caja as well as other galleries and arts organizations involved in the thriving Tijuana arts scene.
Rodriguez stepped back in time to give a context to his gallery’s place in the sprawling metropolis.      
“This is a very young city; it is 126 years old,” he said. “Nobody did any urban planning.  That’s the reason this city has grown this much. This is a city that has the most growth in the world. There’s a lot of immigration here. There’s a lot of people coming into Tijuana, they’re not able to cross into the United States.  So Tijuana has grown tremendously.”

Unlike many TJ residents, Rodriguez was born in the city.
“Seventy percent of the people that you interview when you ask them where they were born they say they were born somewhere else,” he said. “Everybody’s hoping because they need new friends.  So everybody is very polite.”
Aturo Rodriguez
I asked him about the history of the gallery.
Rodriguez told me that he started off professionally as an art buyer. Then, with some partners, he formed a gallery called Galeria Cuartro. This lasted for about two years before he opened up another gallery in a very well-healed part of Tijuana. In 2008, however, drug-related violence began to disrupt life in the city and murders in the city skyrocketed. And then, as if that weren’t enough, there was the global financial crisis to contend with. There was, during that time, a sharp drop in American tourism—the number of tourists staying overnight in Tijuana dropped by half between 2007 and 2009—and this had a devastating effect on the Tijuana economy.
“So we closed in 2009, and went online only,” Rodriguez continued. “Then we split, my partner and myself, and I decided to keep the gallery going. So I opened this particular space.”
The space is a former warehouse, a property that he owned already. He opened it in 2010, when the economy had bottomed out and the murder-rate was still sky-high. But Rodriguez is glad he persisted, because the Tijuana economy is now improving and new construction is going on all over the place. There’s also been something of a let up, he said,, from the wave of drug violence that began in 2008.
But there was one unexpectedly positive outgrowth of all of the economic turmoil and violence.  In the tourism vacuum the seeds of a hip urban arts scene were planted by Tijuana residents  With so many buildings that had once housed various businesses catering to tourists now vacated, artists moved in....as well as businesses that catered more to Mexican nationals and less than to horny college dudes from San Diego (among other assorted American tourists.)
“The violence has receded,” he says.  “The violence is always here but not like before. So tourism is coming back.  There’s new …. Food beer, wine, and art.  So a lot of new things.”
I wondered though, if this economic resurgence would be at the expense of artists as typically happens in gentrifying neighborhoods. 
Whether or not this is the case, Rodriguez isn’t a typical gallery owner looking to profit off of an economic resurgence. And his gallery isn’t a typical gallery. His decision to open La Caja in 2010, during the worst of the drug violence, was a decision to go big, to think out of the box, as he related to the Los Angeles Times. He didn’t want just to sell art to rich patrons but also sell it in the minds and hearts of Tijuana’s residents, both children and adults.  And many of these residents happen to be very poor. All in all, it’s a mission that’s much bigger than his 4,300 square feet of gallery space might suggest. 
That is to say, what we had already seen downstairs—the gallery geared towards toward blind children—was only a small part of his grand design that includes a strong educational component. La Caja has academic programs ranging from Mexican art history to painting to photography to color theory. Students can even receive an accredited diploma in art appreciation, approved by Mexico’s National Institute of Fine Arts. And while the second floor acts as a traditional for-profit gallery, the first floor is managed like a nonprofit, including the classrooms and the exhibition for the blind, and other rotating exhibitions. 
(Except for the for-profit component, it reminds this Indy resident of an Indianapolis Art Center in miniature.)
“We can work in a different way,” says Rodriguez.  “We just finished a program that benefits 10,800 children from secondary school visited the gallery this year. This is what is done by the nonprofit. So we got funds from the government.”
But aspects of his global mission also creep into the for-profit gallery. I only needed look up at the walls surrounding us and to see the paintings from a group show—running through February 2016—entitled Punto de Fuga. (Vanishing Points) to see that the cultural identity of Tijuana is a perpetual point of concern for Rodriguez.
“Llana Martinez, the curator, spoke to these eight artists,” he said. “And she told them, start talking about Tijuana. This is the first time that we’ve done something like this.”
He pointed overhead at a collage/painting by Irma Sofia Poeter which looks like a field of flowers.
“She was born in California,” said Rodriguez. “She lives right now in Tecate [in Baja, California]. She’s been with the gallery for several years. She’s talking about Tijuana also… you will see several bullets and then you see a lot of flowers also. That’s the contrast in Tijuana.”
The painting is called “Tijuana makes me happy,” echoing the eponymous song by Tijuana-based Nortec Collective.
And then Rodriguez pointed to the opposite wall at a wall-hanging sculpture – made out of wood pieces that seem to interlock but in actuality don’t quite touch – by one Gabriel Bois – representing a dinosaur.
“And that’s how he talks about Tijuana,” he said. 
How this had anything to do with Tijuana—well, I didn’t ask. But the next artist he pointed out it was a lot easier to figure out. 
It was a mixed media work – consisting a line drawing rendered in charcoal of a woman hanging, naked upside, down, beaten, and abused, ripped up like a rag doll.  This was “Up Side Down,” by Franco Mendez Calvillo:


It was impossible not to look at this work without thinking of the drug wars and the gruesome stories of torture and death that accompanied them.  I recalled reading bad stories about men and women who were disemboweled and strung up from bridges in various Mexican border cities for simply blogging about the cartels. And the particular area that La Caja was located in was not immune from drug violence.  Several blocks away from the gallery’s present location, three bodies had been found in barrels of acid in 2008. 
Cavillo also had works depicting hotels and bars with often brusque slashes of charcoal.
“Symbols of Tijuana,” Rodriguez said.     
My personal favorite was a sepia-toned painting entitled “Cartographias basica personal,” which combines a depiction of a map with an abstracted self-portrait (mixed media on canvas) by Fernando Cervantes.

Because of my own obsessions about maps and geography and borders and languages, I felt by looking at this painting almost like I was looking into a mirror.

Some of the work on view incorporated recycled, or repurposed mediums.  And this reflects, certainly, the state of affairs across the border. That is, repurposing certainly is trendy among many U.S. artists. But there was a much more significant amount of recycling that had taken place in the construction of the gallery itself. 
To show me an example, Rodriguez only needed to point up to the ceiling: 
“We use industrial refrigerators for insulation from a supermarket called CaliMax,” he said.  “I was able to rescue them.” 
And then he pointed at the wall:  “This particular wall is the same as the floor of the gallery,” he said. “We were able to find materials from benches from churches and schools. There’s also roofs of dormitories from Camp Pendleton, in California in Oceanside. The material that is what they threw away in 80s and 90s.”
Our discussion drew to a close.
Rodriguez asked us what our plans were for the rest of the evening. We really didn’t have a clue. He suggested that we keep a lookout for the monuments to Cauhtemoc—the last Aztec Emperor–and Abraham Lincoln on our drive back to Avenida Revolution.  And he also gave us a dining recommendation:
“I also think you should go have a Caesar salad at the Hotel Caesar,” he said. “That’s where the Caesar Salad was first made.” 
We said our goodbyes. After how Rodgriguez had treated us as guests, when we were actually more like uninvited interlopers, I felt very grateful. 
Our taxi driver took back to Avenida Revolución. I saw the huge black metallic monuments of Lincoln and the Aztec emperor as we passed across their shadows in the fading daylight. And when we got out of the taxi at the Hotel Caesar and stepped into the restaurant there, with décor that seemed to date back to the roaring 20s, I felt as if we had stepped into a time machine.
On the wall was a painting of a nude woman with a swan—Leda and the Swan, of course—the most decadent possible of classical subjects for a painting. In this story, the God Zeus, disguised as a swan, rapes Leda, daughter of the Aetolian king Thestius.  Numerous painters from the renaissance on including Rubens and Da Vinci have created paintings depicting this rape, but this particular painting wasn't quite up to this level. It was certainly titillating enough, however.  

We sat down there for a Caesar Salad. None of us were looking for anything more substantial, as our lunch had been a heavy one.

None of us were looking for anything more substantial, as our lunch had been a heavy one.
Bill with waiter at the Hotel Caesar

The inventor of the Caesar Salad—my dad had a hard time believing this story—was a chef named Caesar. Year One for Caesar Salad was 1924 and prohibition was in effect. New Year’s Eve was approaching and Americans were expected by the droves to celebrate the New Year in an inebriated state. Only problem was that Chef Caesar didn’t have much on hand in his kitchen. He did, however, have raw eggs, mustard, Worcestershire sauce, parmesan, black pepper and olive oil.  He mixed those things together and the history of salad dressing was changed—forever. Even Julia Child eventually took notice and paid the Hotel Caesar a visit.
Anyway, it seemed to beg this question in my mind: Not having the exact things on hand, but striving to make something new with things on hand. Perhaps this is the essence of Tijuana in a nutshell (or a salad bowl as the case may be)?
Our waiter folded all the aforementioned ingredients together—along with anchovies—in a wooden bowl and then afterwards bathed three heads of romaine lettuce in the heady brew, one for each of us.
“Hail Caesar,” one of us must have said while eating this salad, which we all washed down with beer, and I resolved then and there to make an equally delicious Caesar Salad for the Grossman Thanksgiving table. 
After our meal we headed up Avenida Revolución towards the border. It was past five thirty in the evening, already dark.
We approached the Tijuana Arch, an arch smaller than the Gateway Arch in St. Louis by 10 orders of magnitude. But I find it equally beautiful. Isn’t beauty is in the eye of the beholder? And I had seen much beauty in Tijuana; many more flowers than bullets, as it were. And I wanted to come back again.
We stopped at a bar.  Partly because we had pesos still to blow, we each had shots of rattlesnake Tequila—Tequila that shared the same jug as a rattlesnake—chased with beer. I don’t remember the name of this particular bar: I blame the tequila.





And with that, we started back to that violent obstruction known as the U.S-Mexican border.  We were inebriated but perhaps a little wiser, and with stories to tell. 



Sunday, November 8, 2015

A Journey to the Art Hotels of Indianapolis

(Note to readers: I'm publishing this on my blog site, as I was just back at the Alexander this First Friday.  I thought that this long piece I wrote a couple of years ago might be an interesting addendum to my November First Friday blog and some other pieces that I wrote recently for NUVO.)

January 30, 2013
Five days ago, on the Fourth Friday of the month, I visited the newly opened The Alexander—as well as three other downtown Indianapolis hotels—to take a serious look at the art in their lobbies and public spaces.  I wanted to explore the recent trend of hotels morphing into high-end art galleries.  I wanted to check out some examples of this trend playing out in Indy. I wanted to check out the art without checking in, as it were, and see if the hotel personnel were okay with this.  I was interested, particularly, in the idea of private hotel establishments reconfiguring their ideas of public space.  It was—as you might imagine—an altogether different type of experience than your typical First Friday downtown gallery walk in the city of Indianapolis sponsored by the Indianapolis Downtown Artists and Dealers Association.
I started my tour of hotels not at The Alexander—with its groundbreaking array of art curated by the Indianapolis Museum of Art’s Lisa Freiman—but at the Conrad, a new hotel (built in 2006) adjacent to the Circle Center Mall.  Since 2011, ModernMasters Fine Art has curated “A Fine Art Experience at the Conrad,” which features both internationally recognized and Indianapolis area-based artists in the hotel’s public spaces. The high-end Long-Sharp Gallery—which describes its inventory on its website as ranging “from Picasso to Pop,”—is an extension of ModernMasters, and is located on the ground floor of the Conrad, accessible from the Conrad lobby.  
In the hotel lobby itself you could see the large black and white screen prints of British artist Russell Young made sparkly by the use of diamond dust as a medium. Young’s subjects on display here were all famous, mostly dead, icons; Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Coco Channel, and John Lennon among them.
Before looking at the work in the lobby in detail, however, I went up to the second floor conference area. Interspersed among the paintings of several other local artists in the conference room lobby, I encountered the screen prints of Carmel, IN.-based Walter Knabe, a renowned wallpaper designer and painter.  His screen prints of Buddha and Queen Elizabeth—splashed expressionistically with paint—interested me in terms of their composition and bold use of color.  Unabashedly commercial, unabashedly decorative—Knabe is at once an artist and an interior decorator—they also seemed to come from well-trodden artistic territory.  That is to say, if the Warholian Pop Art can be considered a language, Knabe was using some of those very same verb declensions and idioms.    
The same thing could be said about the Russell Young prints downstairs only more so.  

The pretty young woman behind the counter, working as a concierge, let me step behind the front desk and check out the glittering print of Jackie O waving from a car. With her welcoming acquiescence, I was able to see such works up close.  And I could see that these stars had truly arrived (or re-arrived, considering the Warholian precedents) at a hyper-commodified iconography that didn’t seem out of place in this upscale hotel lobby. 
Yet the Conrad has featured more engaging work in the past—more engaging to me for what that’s worth—including rare etchings, prints, and linoleum cuts by Pablo Picasso featuring as subject Marie-Thérèse Walter, his longtime mistress, model, and muse. 

And while the Conrad can certainly live up to its claim of presenting the work of “Modern” (and Postmodern) masters, the “Fine Art Experience at the Conrad” didn’t really speak to the turbulence in the contemporary art world, or so it seemed to me.
After getting my fill of the Conrad, I started on foot west on Washington Street towards my next destination: the JW Marriott. Now, the JW, which opened in 2011, doesn’t have any curated art program within its vast complex. What it does have: by far the most awe-inspiring exterior of any hotel in the city. It just so happens to be the world’s largest JW Marriot, 33 stories high, designed by CSO Architects and HOK Chicago. It’s also the largest hotel in Indianapolis, and probably the most expensive ever to be built here. Accordingly, it received $60 million worth of financing from the city to leverage its construction. (The Conrad Hilton, which I had just left, had also received financing from the city to the tune of $25 million.)  But I wasn’t thinking about the Indianapolis taxpayer on my walk west.  I was instead transfixed by the edifice’s bluish concave façade of mirrored glass. 

It’s an awe-inspiring architectural—and artistic!—achievement. While Indianapolis-born architect Evans Woollen is renowned for creating spaces that dialogue with the Circle City—particularly his Central Library addition—the Chicago-based architects of the JW created an edifice that seems to be having an ongoing conversation with the sky.
Walking into the JW, however, was a disappointment compared to its jaw-dropping exterior. The lobby was spacious and uncluttered; the backlit transparencies of vegetation behind the front desk were coolly chic. But I wasn’t overwhelmed. I was expecting to see the hanging gardens of Babylon, I suppose.

A small sculpture caught my attention. It was gold-colored, more than a foot tall, set on a pedestal, recessed into the wall adjacent to the front desk; a hybrid lion/bird: the sphinxlike emblem of JW Marriott made three-dimensional. Statues of sphinxes abound as relics of ancient Babylonia; perhaps the JW Marriott aspires to Babylonian grandeur with its worldwide (and in-part publicly financed) hotel empire.  
My next stop on my fourth Friday tour was the University Place Conference Center and Hotel on the Indiana University-Purdue University campus (IUPUI)—a half mile or so west of the JW. I wanted to pay another visit to The National Art Museum of Sport (NAMOS), housed in the hotel conference center. I wanted to see if things had changed since I’d lambasted their permanent collection in a NUVO Newsweekly review back in 2010.

One particular painting by the late Germain G. Glidden, the founder of The National Art Museum of Sport—a fixture of the permanent collection—had attracted my ire in that review.  Entitled "George H.W. Bush in Action," (oil on canvas), it portrayed the former president against a pastoral golf course backdrop. I’d found this and other paintings by Glidden to be odd in their misplaced deification of recent political leaders, including Ronald Reagan.  I had also remarked, in that review, on a beautiful, semi-abstract painting by the late Robert Berkshire that had portrayed a basketball game in motion.  But apparently the action wasn’t portrayed clearly enough for the curators’ target audience of conventioneers; they had placed a bronze sculpture of two basketball players right in front of the painting, as if to say, “This abstract work is about basketball too!”   
Still, I didn’t find it to be a total mockery of a museum.  Here and there I found numerous examples of paintings and prints that I liked very much, including some wood engravings by Winslow Homer, scattered here and there through the collection.

But alas, when I walked into the conference center, I found that much of the art was gone.  I soon discovered that the museum, currently closed, is searching nationwide for a new home.  It’s just as well for NAMOS, I think.  A university conference center, with its crowds of conference attendees, is a difficult space to house art museum.  On my last visit to the museum I’d found myself overwhelmed by bustle and noise of an ongoing FFA (formerly the Future Farmers of America) convention.  I’d also found myself distracted by several food carts that were meant for conference-goers from which I did partake.
But now this space was eerily quiet.  Not only was the museum closed, but so was the hotel that housed the museum.

I walked down to the closed University Place hotel lobby and front desk.  I found this to be sad—and oddly engaging—in its transitional state. The hotel portion of the University Place Hotel and Conference Center, which closed last year, is currently being converted into student housing. These developments certainly have to do with the fact that University Place was unable to compete with the myriad hotel  options—a constantly expanding array of options—in Indy’s downtown.

I noticed the numerous professional illustrations on 8 ½ x 11 sheets of paper hung along the boarded off construction area. These drawings showed shadowy student figures in silhouette moving through a brand new dining facility.  Knowing that the future can never be in doubt in illustrations such as this, I recalled a phrase torn from the script of my favorite all-time movie Jesus of Montreal :  “Hope, the most irrational and unyielding of emotions, mysterious hope that makes life bearable.” 
Perhaps, when we see a new building going up, it reassures us because we know investors somewhere are confident about the future to put their money down.

Such thoughts, by circuitous route, bring us to The Alexander. Part of the multiuse $155 million, 14-acre CityWay Complex, developed by Buckingham Companies, this hotel is open but was very much still under construction at the time of my visit.  Developed on land owned by Eli Lilly; Cityway was developed by Lilly as a way to lure the world’s best and brightest young minds to its huge corporate campus in downtown Indianapolis with ultra-hip options in urban living and entertainment.  
The Alexander takes the art hotel model represented by The Conrad—and by a growing number of hotels throughout the U.S.—to a much higher level. (CityWay also takes public financing to a higher level, as the project has received a 10-year, $86 million construction loan from the city of Indianapolis.)   

The novelty of this artistic collaboration became clear to me the moment I walked into the hotel.  At that moment, I was not only greeted not only by the courteous and helpful hotel staff, but by Alyson Shotz’s “Standing Wave” sculpture, some fifteen feet high and twenty feet across. The quantity and quality of light coming through the windows was reflected in this clear acrylic material of the sculpture on this particular gray winter day.
The curatorial work by the Indianapolis Museum of Art’s Lisa Freiman throughout the hotel’s public spaces, on all floors, is groundbreaking and perhaps without precedent; everywhere you look in this sleek and stylish hotel, you’ll find museum-quality contemporary art. This selection of art includes 14 site-specific installations, many of which use novel materials (such as vinyl or hair combs) as their media. The art traverses a wide field of contemporary styles and attitudes in more than forty works by more than twenty artists (four of them local). There’s figurative art and abstract art. There’s art that pertains to Indianapolis specifically, there’s art engaged in other locales, and there’s art untethered to any particular place. There’s videography, sculpture, photography, and painting. And if that’s not enough to prove the Alexander’s cutting edge contemporary bona fides, there’s British artist Nick Walker’s graffiti-influenced spray paint art in The Alexander’s parking garage.

As I walked up to the second floor lobby, Arcade Fire’s baroque pop anthem “Mountains Beyond Mountains” played on the sound system, as if to announce that a new and ultra-hip generation of hotel managers and entrepreneurs had taken the reigns of power in this highly competitive industry.
On the second floor, I came across another site-specific installation, Sonya Clark’s eight-foot-high portrait of Madam C.J. Walker, the African-American multimillionaire entrepreneur who began the planning of the Indy’s historic Madame Walker Theater prior to her death in 1919.  In this sculptural portrait, built of 3,840 black “Unbreakable” brand hair combs, you can see that the chosen media is one with the conceptual content of the piece; Madam Walker made her fortune selling hair products to Black women.

There’s also diversity subject matter as well as in placement of art as I discovered when I walked into the 2nd floor men’s restroom.  Indianapolis-based Brian McCutcheon’s photographs from his series “Alien Landscape” show two astronauts in space suits who also happen to be father and son. One showed the pair playing ball; the other showed father pushing son (McCutcheon and his real-life son) in a shopping cart through a Marsh Supermarket parking lot. 
You—if you’re male—can contemplate the things that fathers pass down to their sons in terms of understanding, compassion and, well, genetics, while using the urinals on the wall facing the photographs. (I didn’t have the opportunity to visit see Kim Beck’s vinyl on windows installation in the women’s restroom for obvious reasons.) 

Also on the second floor lobby is Adam Cvijanovic’s painting “10,000 Feet” (flash paint on Tyvek) that demonstrates what a huge gash in an airplane’s exterior might look like before the plane tumbles down towards earth. Cvijanovic depicts Midwestern farm country as if from 10,000 feet above—through a trompe l’oiel gash in the wall on which it’s painted.  And from such a height the summertime landscape reveals patterns that are not apparent from the ground.  You can see the vegetation surrounding creeks flowing into rivers, flowing across a plowed checkerboard plain stretching to every horizon.
And then there was the Plat 99 Mixology Lounge.

I walked into this bar designed by Jorge Pardo—his handiwork is most noticeable in the multicolored jellyfish-like light fixtures above the bar—and sat down. From my barstool perch I looked out to the west through the glass windows and saw the Eli Lilly corporate campus; to the south I saw Lucas Oil Stadium, the home of the Indianapolis Colts.  Nearby a woman in a business suit and her partners were discussing the ins and the outs of the hotel industry while drinking complicated cocktails.  Everything about the floating ambience of the place seemed to make me feel that I was en route to some fabulous destination. 
Yet there were other moments that brought me back to earth.

I felt this particularly in contemplating the meaning of one painting entitled “Puppets” by Jane Hammond, over a stairwell on the second story lobby.  When I first saw the male subjects of this painting holding cords leading to nooses around each other’s necks, I thought that the subjects might be African-American. I had spent some time looking at, and contemplating the meaning of the Madam Walker portrait, so I was viewing the painting through the filter of Indiana’s checkered racial past. (Walker was involved in the NAACP’s anti-lynching movement and worked to making lynching a federal crime.)  I couldn’t help wondering for a moment whether or not there was an intentional link to Indiana’s history of race relations in this particular work of art.     
But then I noticed things about the painting that didn’t speak to this history. First of all, the subjects were smiling playfully. Secondly, these men were pulling each other’s necks with cord, not hemp rope.  And, finally, the more I studied the men in the painting, the more indeterminate their ethnicity appeared to me.  So, in the end, I really wasn’t sure what to make of this painting which incorporated novel materials as media, and which seemed conceptually ambiguous.

Yesterday I contacted the artist and asked her directly by email about the painting and she replied with this statement:
Thanks for your inquiry re my painting "Puppets."  This is part of a new series of paintings I call the "Dazzle Paintings."  I am attaching a statement I wrote about them. All of these paintings are based on found vernacular photos and so is this one.  The men in the original photo are clearly white and their mood is very playful. I call this kind of photo "horsing around" and there are many photos in this genre--although this one is unusual. Typically one would see two guys both with paper bags over their heads, both standing in barrels, hanging from a tree branch. It is a little piece of theatre occasioned by the presence of the camera. 

I have no reason to doubt Hammond’s thematic statement about her work. At the same time, I don’t think it’s possible for the viewer to know whether the men in the painting are white or black. The reflective and metallic properties of her media (acrylic paint on mica over Plexiglas) make it impossible for a viewer to determine this.
Whatever the message of this particular painting, it seemed like an odd curatorial choice in a city that had just several years ago experienced controversy over a proposed sculpture “E Pluribus Unum” by Fred Wilson that would have been erected outside Indy’s City County Building.  The subject of this proposed sculpture, a freed African-American slave, was based on a figure from the Indianapolis Soldiers and Sailors’ Monument. (This is the 284 foot neoclassical monument in Monument Circle, in the center of Indianapolis, completed in 1910.)  This figure would have been holding in his hands a multicolored flag representing the African diaspora.

But was a statue of a freed slave really the best way to represent African American progress at the dawn of the 21st century?  Quite a few in Indy’s black community didn’t think so.  Some reacted hotly to this proposed statue.  One writer memorably wrote to the The Recorder—Indy’s weekly African-American paper—stating “We don’t need any more images of lawn jockeys, caricatures… no more buffoonery, no more shuckin’ and jiven’, and no more ape-ish looking monuments.”
Considering the controversy around this project, which resulted in the Fred Wilson sculpture project being shelved—the curators were surely aware of this controversy—I can’t help but wonder why they weren’t more mindful about how Hammond’s “Puppets” might be perceived by Indy’s Black community. Was the African-American community considered to be more of a subject, and less of an audience, in this curatorial work? At the very least, think some kind of placard adjacent to the painting with text regarding the artist’s intent would have been apropos. 

Curating is, to some degree, about creating an appropriate context. Context sometimes can influence how a particular painting is received through the eyes of a viewer—as much or more than the actual intent of the artist. Context mattered to me in looking at the poorly curated art at NAMOS, a museum that never really found its footing in Indianapolis. Context mattered to me while looking at the Russell Young prints at the Conrad and the sphinxlike sculpture at the JW Marriott.  And context mattered to me when viewing Hammond’s work, having just seen Sonya Clark’s spectacular Madam Walker portrait with its unity of conceptual and media elements, in a venue that has received public financing from the city of Indianapolis.
Despite mixed feelings about The Alexander’s collaboration with the Indianapolis Museum of Art—which seemed to reflect both the diversity and confusion of the contemporary art world—I very much want to meet some of The Alexander artists some of whom were going to be at the Grand Opening celebration at the hotel, on Saturday, February 23. But I wish that it had been open to the public so that Indy taxpayers—black and white and other—could have had a chance to talk to the artists participating in this groundbreaking art museum/hotel collaboration that they helped to finance.

Postscript: Because I had managed, because of my work as a freelancer writing about art for Indy-based NUVO Newsweekly, to receive an invite.  I was not able to attend, however because I was scheduled on a closing shift that night.

Monday, July 13, 2015

Peace Corps Worldwide Review of Rogue Elephants

Here's a review of my novel, Rogue Elephants, a Novel of the Peace Corps, from the website Peace Corps worldwide by Richard M. Grimsrud. It's over a year old but I never linked it on this site before. Here's a link to the free ebook available through Lulu.

Friday, June 26, 2015

Indianapolis Art Center Review for NUVO with excerpts

Here are some paragraphs from my review of the Indianapolis Art Center's Material World show that I edited out of my NUVO review for length reasons:

Not all of the artists avoided traditional artistic materials. By carving in Indiana limestone, Toronto-based Laura Moore was assuring that her life-size, as it were, sculptures of outmoded bulky hard drives and monitors entitled “One Man’s Junk” would have a certain immortality. There was something monumental about her works – these sculptures are certainly monumentally heavy – but something funereal as well about this work too as headstones are often carved in limestone.  Consider that these sculptures that pay homage to the brief era of personal computers—a mere blip in historical terms—are made out of material that just might last for millennia. Is this trash or treasure for a future archaeologist?

Erie, PN.-based Suzanne Proulx’s “Dust Bunnies” are really, really out-of-the-box material-wise.  These bunny-shaped and bunny-sized sculptures are quite literally made out of dust bunnies (and dryer lint).   This work is funny, but it also raises serious and profound questions…. I mean, seriously, how would such work survive the trip home if you were to purchase it?  You’d probably have better luck, though, transporting her series of four “Cow Skull,” sculptures assembled with material from plastic milk jugs so that they resemble actual cow skulls.



Sunday, September 21, 2014

Been some time since I posted on this blog, but I just published a cover story in NUVO Newsweekly on Banned Books week.  Click the link here.http://www.nuvo.net/indianapolis/banned-books-week-incinerating-the-classics/Content?oid=2925407#.VB7t8LDu3VI

Tuesday, May 6, 2014

May 29 Reading at Books & Brews!

Just dropped off five copies of my novel Rogue Elephants: A Novel of the Peace Corps at Books & Brews somewhere in the borderlands between Fishers and Indy, caddy corner to Home Depot.  A free copy of the ebook is available through the above link.




Had a great beer there. Will be reading an excerpt from my novel there on May 29, at 6:00 p.m. and might talk a little about my experience as a Peace Corps volunteer in Niger, West Africa. I might even show you some photos from that time in my life. YOU ARE ALL INVITED. And of course, if you are inclined to talk about Indy's art scene, the state of poetry today, or self publication, I can talk about those things too.

You might want to also check out my book of poems based on my Peace Corps experience entitled Soft Corps.



Here's a poem from that collection:
______________________________________________________________________________
Recitation

The angel reveals a new tongue to the prophet.
Scribes copy it down with sword-like strokes
and nomads strap the Korans to camels

they ride across the Sahara. Tanbu
rises at the sight of them and shouts,“Allahu Akbar”
The men beside him bow east to Mecca

as I write these verses in the village square.
No angel whispers in my ear.
A mosquito drones happily by, drunk on my blood. 

______________________________________________________________________________

I've also written a lot about the Indy art scene in the past five years for NUVO Newsweekly. Recent highlights include this month's preview of Susan Hodgin's painting exhibition at the Harrison Center entitled "A Sisterhood of Mother Artists" and my extensive interview with Robert Indiana. The link above contains just about my entire archive of NUVO publications.  And yes, I did write a blog for NUVO about the unfortunate destruction of the mural at La Bamba, the restaurant that my daughter and I love so much. The owners replaced this mural with staid, black and white pics of 19th century Mexican revolutionaries.




I've also written a first person piece, published in Punchnel's, about how I've been able to find peace in the world. On that note, adios... until the next post....